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@equitybreakdown
Igli Laci
$70.4M follower assets
⚡This is Equity Breakdown, where you will find short, no bullshit overviews of public companies! Join me in breaking down industries and companies that will become leaders embracing disruptive technologies! Substack: https://equitybreakdown.substack.com/
30 following615 followers
Burry's bearish views have expanded from Tesla to the entire ARK Innovation ETF ($ARKK)! The inflation narratives continue to clash!

Cathie Wood - "To his credit, Michael Burry made a great call based on fundamentals and recognized the calamity brewing in the housing/mortgage market. I do not believe that he understands the fundamentals that are creating explosive growth and investment opportunities in the innovation space."


The Wheel of Justice is slowly coming for Nikola ($NKLA)!

Trevor Milton, the Master Storyteller, is finally charged with misleading investors.

They will certainly become a case study of what one should not do when a company rides the SPAC wave in the public markets. The best part, this would have been a completely different outcome if the story was sold as a novelty idea with plans for the future.

As of right now, Nikola's market value continues to tumble. But I'm still amazed at the $4B MV.
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Robinhood $HOOD Breakdown
Time Investor's checkout the breakdown of Robinhood ($HOOD), the fintech company that wants to become the go-to app for money.

📖What is Robinhood?

Robinhood is a stock-trading, investing tech company that provides everyone commission-free trading. The company is proud to have created an intuitive platform that makes investing easy.
  • The company’s mission and vision: The company’s mission is to democratize finance for all. Their vision is to become the most trusted, lowest-cost, and most culturally relevant money app worldwide. They simply want to allow everyone to participate in the financial system regardless of wealth, income, or background.

If you want to read the full breakdown, click here ➡️ Robinhood Breakdown

Customer Landscape and Partnerships:
  • Users:

  • Net Cumulative Funded Accounts: Q1 2021: 18.0M (151%) | FY 2020: 12.5M (143%)

  • Monthly Active Users (MAU): Q1 2021: 17.7M (106%) | FY 2020: 11.7M (172%)

  • Average Revenue Per User (ARPU): Q1 2021: $137 (65%) | FY 2020: $109 (65%)

  • Cohort Annual Revenue: 2017 Cohort returned 30M (7.6x) in revenue in 4 years | 2018 Cohort returned 86M (4.2x) in revenue in 3 years | 2019 Cohort returned 75M (3.9x) in revenue in 2 years | 2020 Cohort returned $326M (1.0x)

  • > 50% of users are first-time investors

  • > 80% of user were mainly acquired through the Robinhood Referral Program and the remainder organically

📈Market Opportunity

The stock market is defined as one of the greatest inventions in the capital markets to increase wealth. Historically the S&P 500 has produced on average a 10-13% annual return. But many Americans experienced limited or no access at all in the wealth generation process by the markets. With finance technology, the barriers that once existed preventing ordinary citizens from access are deteriorating rapidly. Realizing this some market dynamics are evolving:
  • 2019 Pew Research Survey revealed that 60% of Americans do not have investments outside of their retirement accounts

  • 2020 Gallop Poll revealed 68% of young adults (18-29) have no money invested

  • 2020 Harris Poll revealed two-thirds of Americans would consider financial products from technology platforms

  • Retail Investing represents about 20% of all American households.

  • 30% of Retail Investors place orders using a mobile app and 59% for participants at age 18-34 – FINRA survey.

The company reports from insights by Charles Schwab that U.S. retail investors have total assets of $50 trillion. With over half of the retail investors revealing Robinhood as their first brokerage account, a strong market share is inevitable. Additionally, the crypto market is currently valued at $1.3T (with Bitcoin representing about 46% of the market cap). As young retail investors are open to the developing ecosystem, the ability to access crypto investments is crucial. Simultaneously, the opportunity to offer FDIC ensured cash management solutions like traditional banks opens additional market opportunities. There are over $1 trillion in brokered deposits in the U.S and $3.6 trillion in credit card purchase volumes as well. Robinhood is positioned to operate in an ecosystem that is ripe for disruption.

🤯Key Insights for Time Investors:

  1. Revenue Risk: Majority of the revenue generated by Robinhood comes from payment of order flows. This is highly driven by option trading, which is one of the riskiest forms of trades to make as an investor. A reduction in spreads between the bid and ask price, reduction in trading activity, and any regulation regarding the relationship with market makers can severely impact 81% of the company’s revenue. Additionally, a substantial driver for growth in Q1 was driven by cryptocurrency trading, and more specifically Dogecoin, which represented 34% of the cryptocurrency transaction-based revenue.

  1. Brand Degradation: There has been a wave of negative media coverage as well as litigation/settlements with government entities regarding the Robinhood practices, “gamification” of investing, and operational outages.

  • December 2019: Robinhood settled with a $1.2M fine for noncompliance with best execution practices with FINRA, a self-regulatory organization.

  • December 2020: Robinhood paid $65M to SEC for an investigation into best execution and PFOF practices.

  • More recently, FINRA fined Robinhood ~$70M for the systematic outages, misleading communication, and trading practices (this is the largest penalty from FINRA)

  • There are a host of other class actions in play as well.

  1. Competition: The ecosystem is also extremely competitive with incumbents like Charles Schwab (32M accounts), Fidelity (83M accounts), E-Trade (7M accounts), and TD Ameritrade (11M accounts). In the space, Consolidation is occurring to secure market share. Similarly, new entrants like Etoro (20M), Webull, and Public are in direct competition.

  1. Government Regulations: The GameStop/Meme stock fiesta has certainly raised the flag causing government regulatory bodies to increase their focus. Payment of order flows is on the table with the potential legislation that is recently introduced to completely prohibit the practice. In addition, Gary Gensler, Chairman of the SEC, has proposed key focus on the following concepts: 1) PFOF 2) Gamification 3) Disclosures under trading restrictions 4) Margin requirement sufficiency 5) Managing liquidity risk 6) Mobile-app features such as rewards, push notification.

  • Robinhood, spawned from the idea of democratizing finance and with a grandiose vision of becoming the go-to app for money! This idea is very addictive, especially when it involves the traditional story of Wall Street. When I think about Wall Street and the narratives that have circulated across for years, three words come to mind: wealth, fraud, and privilege. Keeping this in mind, any company that delivers a message of enabling anyone regardless of wealth, income, or background can suddenly become extremely popular.

  • Robinhood began with a splash introducing a simple, beautiful, and intuitive design for any user regardless of their experience. They did a great job removing friction caused by learning a new technology platform. Once you get approved and funds are deposited, you can immediately start investing and trading. To continue with this success, they pioneered a “commission-free” trading business model that took the industry by surprise causing all the incumbents to follow suit in 2019. They coupled this strategy with a stock referral program and BOOM you have significant growth. In eight years, they added 18M users with funded accounts and in the first quarter of 2021, they attracted 5.5M users. This is explosive and a success that the company should take pride in. From a brand perspective, Robinhood has associated itself with retail investing and if interests are high in participating in the markets, they will remain a strong player.

  • As a Time Investor, it is important to understand Robinhood holistically. As a fintech company, they are performing quite well, and they have made investing easier for everyone. However, there are serious regulatory and brand issues that Robinhood needs to navigate to truly democratize finance and become “the most trusted, lowest cost, and most culturally-relevant money app worldwide”. In my opinion, the fact that Robinhood is still here and widely used with all the negative media attention, reveals how unique their product design is and how resilient their brand is as well. As a long-term public investor, I would personally wait and see how everything develops over the next two years. Now, I do wish I were part of the seed round or Series A round in Robinhood, which for those who participated will exceed a 100x return (congratulations!). I am personally curious to see how Robinhood evolves in the public eye and hopefully, they can accomplish their mission and vision regarding investing and money.
equitybreakdown.substack.com
Robinhood ($HOOD) Breakdown
⚡This is Equity Breakdown, where you will find short, no bullshit overviews of public companies! Join me in breaking down industries and companies that will become leaders embracing disruptive technologies and innovating change! Subscribe Now! “Compound

Great post. Whether revenue concentration (esp on dicey business model like pay for order flow or let's say 'high-risk' investing like option and crypto). Only reason on my watchlist atm is to better understand retail investing trends.
Add a comment…
El Salvador making Bitcoin a legal tender is an interesting step. We will have to see if this creates a cascading effect on other nations as well when it comes to Bitcoin adoption. This will be a state-mandated movement where all economic actors that have the ability to participate in the digital economy will have to transact in Bitcoin. What are your thoughts here guys?


@tdozzi06/09/2021
I think it is going to be an interesting case study to see how bitcoins use case here works. If it goes well, It could look realllllllyyyyyy good for the future of Bitcoin.
+ 5 comments
SoftBank Vision Fund Breakdown
Time Investors, today we will break down the Softbank Vision Fund: the largest tech fund in the world, which is determined to be an agent of change to accelerate the AI revolution.

📖What is the SoftBank Vision Fund?

The inception of the Vision Fund begins with the samurai grit, discipline, vision, and fearlessness of Japanese billionaire, Masayoshi Son, founder and CEO of SoftBank Group. SoftBank Group is built on the spirit of the Kaientai, a company led by Japan’s renaissance man and samurai Sakamoto Ryōma. The Kaientai had a 100-year vision for the future of Japan, and they put everything on the line including sacrificing their lives to transform Japan into a modern and prosperous state. Fast forward 145 years later, from the day the seeds were planted in SoftBank Group, Masa embarked on his journey with a remarkable superpower to anticipate the future and build the capital systems to propel the reality of that future. Today SoftBank Group stands among giants as the world’s third most profitable company in the world delivering $45.8 billion in net profits. This success is shaped by a consistent vision built on the spirit of innovation, visionary leaders, a talented pool of human capital, and a successful track record in lucrative investments such as the Alibaba Group, Sprint/T-Mobile, Arm, Yahoo Japan, and many others.

If you want to read the full breakdown, click here ➡️ SoftBank Vision Fund

Now, Masa is fundamentally convinced that an AI revolution is exponentially evolving and will consume every industry in the world. This ultimate thesis spawns the birth of the Vision Fund which amassed $100B in under 8 months by May of 2017. To put this in perspective the entire Global VC industry invested near $300B in 2020. Ultimately, to understand the feat of this achievement you must observe the Jedi powers of Masa and Rajeev Misra, CEO of SoftBank Vision Fund, which during the fundraising process for the Vision Fund 1 raised $45B in 45 minutes (B per minute) from Saudi Arabia’s Public Investment Fund. This was followed by a personal commitment of $30B from the SoftBank Group and then the world’s most profitable company Apple, Qualcomm, Foxcomm, Larry Ellison, and Muabadala (UAE) as the key Limited Partners to achieve the jaw-dropping target. The sheer size of the Vision Funds cannot be ignored, and thus competition will follow through. Large investors like Tiger Global, T. Rowe Price, China New Era Technology Fund, Sequoia, and many others will attempt to ride the wave of the “mega-funds”. SoftBank Vision Funds has tapped the power of financial markets and rattled the VC world. And as we all know when disruptors arrive you either must evolve and compete or end up losing out. The game has changed and SoftBank has redefined the technology investing ecosystem. Now let us break down some critical facts:

What is the Vision Fund Goal?
  • The goal of the Vision Funds are to accelerate the AI revolution, by $130 billion in the businesses and technologies that will help make it possible.

What regions and sectors has the Vision Fund invested in?
  • The Vision Fund has a strong unmatched global presence: Americas: 36% | EMEA: 18% | Asia: 46% (China 28%)
  • The Vision Fund is industry agnostic.

What is the market value of the total Vision Fund and where does it sit in the SoftBank Group family?
  • The SoftBank Group net asset value is $236B with the Vision Funds contributing about 25%. Masa expects the Vision Funds to be the largest contributor soon. Uniquely, unlike the Vision Fund 1, Vision Fund 2 is solely funded by the SoftBank Group.

How large is the Vision Fund ecosystem?
  • The Vision Fund seems to be building the framework for the Berkshire Hathaway of the future! 187 companies are part of the ecosystem between the funds.

What stage of investing does the Vision Fund focus and what is the average size of investment?
  • The Vision Fund focuses on late stage investing when the company has established itself to be a potential market leader.
  • The average investment amount for the Vision Fund 1 was between $300M to $400M. For Vision Fund 2, the average investment amount is 90M.

What stage of investing does the Vision Fund focus and what is the average size of investment?
  • The Vision Fund focuses on late stage investing when the company has established itself to be a potential market leader.
  • The average investment amount for the Vision Fund 1 was between $300M to $400M. For Vision Fund 2, the average investment amount is 90M.

🤯Future of the Vision Funds
The SoftBank Vision Funds goal can be summarized into one movement: The AI Revolution. Masa and Rajeev continue to emphasize that their Alpha is the ecosystem that is constantly being built and evolving. The 224 companies across the portfolio will produce substantial financial and social impact to humanity.

As a start-up, growth investment firm, the Vision Fund is now entering a chapter of building a sustainable system that can achieve recurring gains, or as Masa puts it “produce golden eggs”. The systematic approach is necessary to ensure consistency across the discovery process, and more importantly the financing process which is a strategic resource of SoftBank.

Vision Fund 1 is now in the value creation phase. Alongside the operational and financial support, the firm is giving its companies, they also continue to monetize select investments with the goal of maximizing IRR and distributions to LPs.

Last year 26% of the Vision Fund 1 portfolio – based on fair value – was comprised of exited and public investments. Now that figure is 58%, which provides remarkable valuation transparency into the fund.
There is a significant number of private Fund 1 companies that are yet to be monetized. When they are, it will extend the fund's track record of distributions to investors.
equitybreakdown.substack.com
SoftBank Vision Fund Breakdown
"The Producer of Golden Eggs"

@tdozzi06/04/2021
Softbank is by far and away one of the most interesting VC funds in the world. I feel that some startups are looking away from the large funds though and going to more mom and pop shops. My question is how do you think Softbank's reputation stands as a Series C-F investor? Do you think a majority of startups will still take their money?
+ 1 comment
Skillz ($SKLZ) Breakdown
Gaming is eclipsing the entertainment industry and surpassing traditional streaming services. Within this $161 billion market, the fastest growing segment is mobile gaming. Today we will breakdown, Skillz ($SKLZ). The company that is aiming to tap into the competitive nature of gamers and transform the future of electronic gaming.

📖What is Skillz?
Skillz provides a platform for users to socially compete and watch multi-player esports games.

The company empowers developers to share their creations and for gamers to compete. The company is creating an gaming ecosystem that fuels the “competition layer of the internet”.

The company offers three types of games:
  1. Gamers can play the exact game at different times and then scores are compared

  1. Gamers can play a multi-player game where they take turns (like chess) and then a winner is determined at the end

  1. Gamers can play live making moves simultaneously between each other and then a winner is determined at the end

Now top games on the platform alternate year by year. In 2020, the top three games were Solitaire Club, 21 Blitz, and Blackout Bingo.
The three key values the company continues to reiterate are trust, fairness, and competition when building their ecosystem.

If you want to read the full breakdown, click here ➡️Skillz Breakdown Substack

📈Market Opportunity
According to Statista, over half the world’s population uses smart phones and based on additional studies around 33% of app downloads are games and within those games users allocate 10% of their time. Newzoo highlights, that the global games market has expanded from $70B in 2012 to $80B in 2021. Within the market the fastest growing segment is mobile gaming at a CAGR of 27% from $12B in 2012 to $106B in 2021.

Majority of gamers are usually young adults with a median age of 29 years old. According to the Entertainment Software Association, 64% of American adults played video games in 2020. Now when it comes to Esports, the competition sparks an immense amount of passion and engagement from fans. Millions of fans will want to watch their favorite performers and are also more willing to consume and spend on content.

In this market, there is a high demand for content with an engaged and passionate user base. Over the years, content creation in the gaming industry has democratized with standardized game development and distribution platforms (Unity and Unreal) resulting in over 15 million game developers making content.

🤯Key Insights for Time Investors:

  • Mobile gaming is taking over and in 2020 accounts for 51% of total gaming revenue. Based on trends presented from Will Hershey of Roundhill Investments, more people are watch gaming and Esports than Netflix, HBO, Hulu, and ESPN combined.

  • Mobile gaming is taking over and in 2020 accounts for 51% of total gaming revenue. Based on trends presented from Will Hershey of Roundhill Investments, more people are watch gaming and Esports than Netflix, HBO, Hulu, and ESPN combined.

  • Now let’s look at an investor’s perspective on gaming. Blake Robbins, Partner at Ludlow Ventures, was interviewed in Invest Like the Best about investing in gaming and highlighted an interesting concept about a platform that would be the “Webflow for games look alike”. This would empower creators to design games without friction spawning some top hits. Additionally, you are now able to build multiple games a year and when you have one game that is successful you can funnel that growth to other games creating a sustainable game publishing platform. This is interesting as Skillz has accomplished something similar in nature.

  • Now let’s look at an investor’s perspective on gaming. Blake Robbins, Partner at Ludlow Ventures, was interviewed in Invest Like the Best about investing in gaming and highlighted an interesting concept about a platform that would be the “Webflow for games look alike”. This would empower creators to design games without friction spawning some top hits. Additionally, you are now able to build multiple games a year and when you have one game that is successful you can funnel that growth to other games creating a sustainable game publishing platform. This is interesting as Skillz has accomplished something similar in nature.

  • Their platform enables developers to learn, grow, and share success through analytics while allowing users to connect, and experience a frictionless community that allows for competition.

  • To ensure great content the company monitors metrics such as the player liquidity inside each game based on number of daily active users, the stability of each game based on crash rates, the user satisfaction based on app store ratings, and user issues based on support tickets. The company wants to provide fair competition, network exposure, and financial success.

  • On the flip side, Wolfpack research has highlighted that there are some huge risks to Skillz. They have stated that the company’s growth projections can not be sustained when majority of the revenue is generated by three games. They have also denounced the NFL partnership that the company highlighted during its SPAC merger.

  • Wolfpack research has also highlighted that in-app purchases have declined and they have spoken with the third-party developers of those games to confirm the contraction. Essentially, they are claiming a shark fin effect. The research firm also highlighted poor leadership performance questioning the “serial entrepreneur” label of the CEO and the quality of the work environment.

  • Now, the company addressed their concerns from the short reports during their earnings call and with the continued performance they believe they are on track in building an ecosystem greater than mobile gaming, according to the CEO. He quoted "We started with mobile gaming, but we think about the world as digital competition, and this is about building out the future of digital competition."

While these reports have certainly introduced a new perspective, top tier investors/institutions continue to add a vote of confidence for the company:
  • Cathie Wood – ARK Invest: +18M shares - $288M
  • Atlas Ventures - $372M
  • Wildcat Capital Management - $344M
  • Morgan Stanley Investment Management - $322M
The Vanguard Group - $309M
equitybreakdown.substack.com
Skillz ($SKLZ) Breakdown
"The Future of Digital Competition"

Coinbase ($COIN) Breakdown "1A1zP1eP5QGefi2DMPTfTL5SLmv7DivfNa"
What does it take to build a world with more economic freedom for every person and business regardless of their location? Today, we will breakdown, Coinbase ($COIN), a company building the infrastructure to propel a crypto revolution that is decentralizing the world of money and finance.

If you want to read the full breakdown, click here ➡️ Coinbase Breakdown Substack

If you want to download my pdf report, you can click below ➡️

📖What is Coinbase?
Coinbase is the largest cryptocurrency exchange in the US. The company is positioned to provide end-to-end financial infrastructure and technology supporting crypto assets. The crypto ecosystem is shaped by three types of customers:

  • Retail: The everyday citizen can invest, store, spend, earn, and use crypto assets, such as Bitcoin, in a safe and secure space

  • Institutions: Financial institutions (corporations) can access crypto markets with safe trading and storage tools. The ecosystem ensures liquidity for transactions using crypto assets.

  • Ecosystem Partners: Merchants, developers, and asset issuers (governments) can build applications that use crypto protocols and participate in the crypto network.

Coinbase is positioned to power the evolving crypto economy. The invention of Bitcoin created a revolution of digital scarcity. This scarcity does not require authenticity or approval from central institutions. Scarcity is proven through the decentralized ecosystem. This has enabled the company to potentially be a leader in creating an open financial system.

📈Market Opportunity
Technology is sweeping human society, while the existing financial system continues to experience legacy limitations. The crypto economy is organically evolving due to a series of fundamental shifts:
  • The need for financial access, efficiency, and cost: Humans should have no intermediary barriers, inefficient procedures and protocols, or high costs to exchange in the financial system.

  • The need to cultivate value from the internet: The exchange of digital assets (NFTs) in the past has been difficult to ensure authenticity and scarcity. The crypto ecosystem ensures secure exchange and consensus-backed record-keeping (blockchain technology) to ensure resiliency and value. Additionally, the network is on 24 hours allowing for peer-peer financial transactions (DeFi applications).

  • The need for frictionless applications: The crypto economy is built on software networks on top of the internet. This ultimately ensures programmable smart contracts, which are self-reinforcing agreements between parties, and removes the need for intermediaries.

  • The need for a reliable store of value: Inefficient institutions have been notorious for wiping out wealth. The need for a digital asset class that can maintain its scarcity and preserves wealth is critical.

As a result, today the addressable crypto market is valued at $1.5 trillion which is about 10-13% of the value of all mined gold on the planet. Coinbase re-iterates that the market is still in the early stages. Coinbase will aim to target the 3.5B customers connected to the internet through smartphones around the world or translating into ~228 million monthly transacting users.

🤯Key Insights for Time Investors:
  • Your location in the world unfortunately will define the opportunities you are presented. The current financial system is built with many obstacles to access financial services. However, with the invention of Bitcoin, a new movement emerged that could provide the core pillars to economic freedom to any individual. The current market to Bitcoin is around ~1.5 trillion representing about 10% of the Gold market. To propel this future, Coinbase emerged as one of the first trusted largest brands in America and currently the second-largest crypto exchange in the world.

  • The company also operates in a heavily regulated environment and will experience new regulations as the political climate wraps its thoughts around the co-existence of a crypto ecosystem in the current financial world. Coinbase dedicates 10% of its employees and has ensured appropriate leadership to meet security and compliance risks.

  • It is important to note that Coinbase’s success is tied to the overall growth of the crypto-economy and specifically the demand for Bitcoin and Ethereum. As Bitcoin and Ethereum scale, Coinbase will also benefit as it stands to be the one-stop-shop for a multitude of assets.

  • The company has experienced rapid growth (137% YoY) and more importantly, 90% of their customers to date have been acquired for free (organically).

  • The fact that Coinbase is founder-led with the mission of creating an open financial system brings assurance and clarity to the overall goal the company is trying to achieve. The company maintains an 11% share in the market and holds $90 billion assets in its platform with 43 million verified users and 2.8 million monthly transacting users.

  • It is important to as Coinbase attempts to expand into international markets and their digital asset framework evolves beyond their core business model of generating transaction fees. What will Coinbase do with their B in cash to expand share? For long-term growth, the company is well-positioned to maintain market leadership.

Investor Lineup + Equity Stake:
  • Top Tier VCs: Andreesen Horowitz (15.8%) and Union Square Ventures (7.5%)
  • Top Investors: Marc Andreesen (15.8%) | Frederick Ernest Ehrsam (9.5%)
  • Brian Armstrong (CEO): (21.3%)
  • As a group the executive leaders and directors: (58%)
  • In their most recent secondary share sale, Coinbase has sold shares ranging from ($200-$373) resulting in a potential 00B valuation
Google Docs
Coin Breakdown.pdf

@studio03/18/2021
I enjoy so much these kind of deep dives of very disruptive companies! Thank you Igli!
+ 1 comment
Proterra ($ACTC - $PTRA) Breakdown
Vertical integration across the EV supply chain will define the winners of the industry. Today, we will breakdown, Proterra ($ACTC - $PTRA). The company is planning to become public through a reverse merger (SPAC) with ArcLight Clean Transition Corp ($ACTC).

If you want to read the full breakdown, click here ➡️ Proterra Breakdown Substack

If you want to download my pdf report, you can click below ➡️

📖What is Proterra?
Proterra is electrifying the commercial vehicle space through the three symbiotic business lines that ultimately create their ecosystem:
  • Proterra Powered: In this business segment the focus is to design, manufacture, integrate, and sell top-tier battery systems and electrification solutions such as drive-trains, and controls for their vehicles and OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturers) customers.

  • Proterra Transit: the focus is to design, manufacture, and sell electric buses for public and commercial fleets.

  • Proterra Energy: the focus is to provide “high-power” charging solutions and software services to support the company’s platforms. Specifically, the company has built the end-to-end infrastructure to optimize energy costs and ensure vehicle-to-grid functionality.

Proterra is the “Tesla” of the commercial vehicle space by harnessing the power of the electrification supply chain.

📈Market Opportunity
The electric vehicle revolution groundwork is established with the advancements in battery technologies, infrastructure, and government policies. Regarding the commercial vehicle space, the focus is on the total cost of ownership and achieving faster zero-emission target goals spearheaded by industry leaders and governments. According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the transportation sector represents about 28% of the GHG emissions in the U.S., and large size commercial vehicles account for 23% of those emissions. Based on the GHG emissions, Greenbiz revealed in their survey of global fleet companies that 60% of companies have GHG targets.

With 85% decline in battery costs, 40% cheaper operating costs than diesel vehicles, the electrification of buses and commercial vehicles will expand with reports from Frost & Sullivan highlighting 50% market penetration by 2025. As of 12/31/2020, there are 25,000 buses in operations that are targeted to achieve zero-emission by 2040. Governments, communities, and companies are all aligned in the demand for sustainable solutions.

As a result, Proterra believes they have an addressable market of $225 billion or 4.4 million commercial vehicles by 2023 and with an infrastructure opportunity of $37 billion charging investment or 40 TWh of annual energy need.

🤯Key Insights for Time Investors:
  • Market forces have reacted to the alignment of government, communities, companies, and technology

  • States are targeting 100% zero-emission for last-mile-delivery and heavy-duty trucks by 2050

  • The world’s largest logistic companies (UPS, FEDEX, AMAZON) are transitioning their fleets to electric

  • 85% decline in battery costs and 40% decline in operating costs versus diesel vehicles

  • Unlike passenger vehicles, commercial vehicle electrification poses different challenges such as high mileage, weight, and lifecycle requirements. Proterra has designed, manufactured, and proven the formula to accomplish this since 2014.

  • When it comes to electrification, the focus should be in the technological advancements that ultimately monopolize the value chain. Proterra not only builds their vehicles, but they also build their proprietary drivetrains, and more importantly the end-to-end charging infrastructure needed for scale.

  • Large R&D is being invested to domestically produce battery cells (similar to Tesla)

  • Best in class battery systems enables greater range and weight loads with a lifespan of 4k cycles

  • Proterra has proven their products are successful with ~16M real-world miles, 450+ charge points, and 1000+ vehicle sales

  • Proterra is built with innovation at the foundation and is positioned to become the “Tesla” of the commercial space.

Investor Lineup:
  • Daimler Trucks + Tao Capital Partners
  • BMW i Ventures + Edison Energy + Constellation + Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byer + Federal Transportation Administration
  • Chamath Palihapitiya – Social Capital (PIPE Investor)
  • Post SPAC Merger with ACTC, ~68% ownership will remain with existing Proterra shareholders
YouTube
Revolutionizing Transit, Together - Celebrating 100 Proterra Customers
More than 100 transit operators across North America have partnered with Proterra to implement electric buses and charging infrastructure. The future is elec...

Great write up. I’ll add that I’ve worked with the CEO, Ryan Popple, when we were both at Tesla (circa 2008). One of the sharpest people I’ve worked with and understands vertical integration just as well as Elon does.
+ 1 comment
Arrival ($CIIC - $ARVL) Breakdown
The race has just started in the commercial electric vehicle space, and today we will break down, Arrival ($ARVL). The company is planning to become public through a reverse merger (SPAC) with CIIG Merger Group ($CIIC). I actually interviewed the CFO, Tim Holbrow, to also get some additional insights!

If you want to read the full breakdown, click here ➡️ Arrival Breakdown Substack

If you want to download my pdf report, you can click below ➡️

📖What is Arrival?
Arrival is aiming to revolutionize the electric vehicle industry with the production of commercial electric vans and buses. The company was founded in 2015 and personally funded by founder and CEO, Denis Sverdlov to transform the automotive industry. In stealth mode, the company patiently focused on amassing top tier human capital and building layers of intellectual properties across the manufacturing process. Fundamentally, leadership is focused in creating an ecosystem that transforms the design, assembly, and scale distribution of the electric vehicle industry.

📈Market Opportunity
The share of electric vehicle sales is expanding from 2.7% to 58% by 2040. This movement is accelerated by the advancement of technology, unit-economics, climate change commitments from automakers, and rising government policy pressures.

Arrival has decided to focus its business strategy within the commercial vehicle space in the EV industry. This focus is driven by two key variables that are impacting commerce: the rise of e-commerce and the willingness of large fleet owners such as UPS, Amazon, or governments to reduce carbon emissions and adopt vehicle electrification.

Digital Commerce 360 has reported that e-commerce accounted for 21% of retail sales in 2020 and 37% by 2024, making vans a critical component. Additionally, logistic based companies, governments, and other corporations have put policies in place to transform their fleets and reduce carbon emissions. The U.S. government has confirmed that they will transition all their fleet to electric. Additionally, cost will play a critical role in the transition of these fleets.

Realizing these trends, Arrival has positioned itself with three key components to lead the commercial vehicle market.

  • New advanced manufacturing of EV vans and buses
  • Total cost of ownership
  • Top-Tier user experience and quality

Beyond the passenger vehicles race, the fastest tipping points will be in commercial vans and public transit such as buses. In the electric commercial vehicle market, Arrival believes the TAM is ~$70 billion for vans and ~$40 billion for buses. If you include fossil fuel commercial vehicles, the TAM expands to ~$280 billion for vans and $154 billion for buses.

🤯Key Insights for Time Investors:
  • Demand for vans and buses is expected to rise substantially due to the rise of e-commerce and government climate change policies. Arrival is positioned to deliver products that minimize the total cost of ownership with superior technology that is proven and tested.

  • Microfactories are the companies most critical asset to ensure flexible, scalable, and local production of their commercial electric vehicles. The factories are 50% cheaper from a CAPEX and OPEX relative to traditional factories and can be installed in existing spaces, in local communities, and in under 6 months.
  • “You can build vehicles in New York with the unit economics of China,” Sverdlov says. – Forbes reporter

  • They have partnered with UPS from the beginning securing 10k vans and a $1.2 billion order backlog.
  • “There are a lot of startups with EV ideas. Unfortunately, we’ve not seen a lot of that materialize in terms of products that come to the market,” says Luke Wake, UPS’s international director of automotive engineering and advanced technology. “What helps set Arrival apart is the way that they were well funded to actually turn some of these ideas and visions into a reality.” – Forbes reporter

  • The company has 1.4k employees with 85% focused on research and development. They have secured talents across `1,000 engineers and have built a leadership team with top-tier talent in their respective fields

Investor Lineup:
  • ~$1.2 billion investment and signed purchase agreement with UPS in 2020
  • ~$150 million euros led by BlackRock in Nov 2020
  • ~$100 million euros investment by Hyundai Motor Company and Kia Motors Corporation in Q4 2019
  • Post SPAC merger with CIIG, ~88% ownership will remain with existing Arrival shareholders
YouTube
A Radical Approach to Making Electric Vehicles | The New Method | Arrival
Reimagining the products. Reinventing the process. Revolutionising the industry.Arrival is challenging the 100 year old automotive production process, by pro...

Thank you so much for sharing. Hoping to add a position soon. I am very bullish about the "small fleet" business due to continued expansion of e-commerce/last mile delivery. Two quick questions for you - what is there timeline to actually start delivering/producing the vehicles? It sounded like 2021 from your report but just wanted to confirm. And - why do you think this stock hasn't popped even more? Seems like a steal at the current price - just less hype around it? Thanks in advance!
+ 7 comments
EV Industry Breakdown
Hey Commonstock community! I wanted to share with you the EV breakdowns that I have started for this year.

💡What will you learn in the Equity Breakdown Report?
  • EV Brief History
  • Industry Breakdown
  • EV Value Chain
  • Strategic Resources
  • Winners
  • Challenges
  • Key Insights for Time Investors

If you want to read the full breakdown click here ➡️ EV Breakdown Substack

If you want to download my pdf report, you can click below ➡️

Typically, I will try to understand the industry framework and then focus on companies across the supply chain that potentially have the platform to succeed. I love research and I am always open to additional insights and more importantly feedback to foster a richer transfer of knowledge.

Feel free to reach out with any questions and also additional requests!

Here are some key points as you explore the EV industry:

What are the strategic resources in the EV world?

Developing Resources:
1.Exclusive mining rights: Essential in the production of batteries which is one of the most expensive components of EVs. The raw materials are classified as rare earth elements with a high concentration in China, South America, Australia, and one world-class location in North America, specifically in the Mountain Pass deposit in California.
  • Mountain Pass Materials is developing the most advanced eco-friendly mining facility
  • High Barriers to Entry, Capital Intensive, Limited Supply


Research and Development:
1.Battery Technology: Batteries are one of the most important elements in EVs. The amount of energy that can be stored in a battery will determine the range and performance of the vehicle. The most common type of battery is Lithium-ion batteries making up about 70% of the rechargeable battery market.
  • There are three core components in making batteries: cell -> module -> packs
  • Cells: smallest, but most critical component that produces energy and make up 75% of the cost
  • China and the U.S. are expected to have 84% of the lithium-ion cell production
  • Module: contains several cells with terminals to connect and make up 11% of the cost
  • Packs: consist of modules that are assembled with cooling equipment and make up 14% of the cost
  • Ark’s research indicates that leaders are manufacturing cell-to-battery packs/vehicles without modules to produce more kilowatt-hours and increase the range of vehicles.
  • Battery costs have also improved drastically falling by 28% to below $100/kilowatt-hour (kWh)
  • Research is heavily focused in cathode materials that can deliver higher energy density
  • Tesla/Panasonic partnership leads the pack in battery production followed by LG Chemical, AESC, and Samsung SDI, QuantumScape

Source: ScienceDirect - Battery Supply Chain.

2.Semiconductors: The brain behind EV companies are chips. They enable the electrical sophistication of powering the batteries, supporting tech components in the vehicles, and providing software.
  • Nvidia, Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co, NXP Semiconductors, TE Connectivity, Infineon Technologies, Renesas
3.Autonomous Technology: EVs with the software capability to achieve self-driving autonomy will create an initial competitive advantage. There are assumptions that Tesla plans to launch a fully autonomous taxi network.
  • Camera-based strategy, Lidar, HD Mapping, and infrastructure sensors are three main technologies deployed to achieve autonomous driving
  • Ark’s research is forecasting a trillion in earnings by 2030

Brand & Vertical Integration across the supply chain:
1.Distribution and scalability to increase market share will be defined by brand strength and infrastructure to produce rapidly. Vehicles with the most advanced technologies that achieve reliability, performance, and practicality will benefit. Additionally, many young EV companies are partnering with existing auto manufacturers who have the appropriate infrastructure to produce at scale, except for Tesla. Companies that develop their own production facilities with practical scalability will have an advantage initially.

2.High margin opportunities will also be present in the recycling process of batteries. Recycling batteries will require unique expertise in chemical management and logistical constraints in terms of the location of facilities.

🧠Key Insights for Time Investors:
  • There is a major push from governments to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The Biden administration has made it clear that they will support many changes that will transform the automobile industry
  • Understand the supply chain process and focus on the stages that will have less competition and higher margins. Raw Material Mining, EV brands that have advanced and protected technologies, and the recycling stage will present great opportunities
  • More specifically identify companies with the greatest engineering talent, heavily focused on R&D, have viable products, and realistic strategy to scale rapidly
  • There are four key segments in the space: passenger vehicles, light commercial vehicles, 2 Wheelers, Municipal Buses
  • As e-commerce is exploding and governments support policy the initial growth based on pure economics will be on “last-mile delivery” and buses.
post mediapost media
Google Docs
Equity Breakdown - Electrification Economy.pdf

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